Testosterone Levels in Men: Symptoms, Testing, and Treatment

Testosterone levels naturally decline with age - approximately 1 to 2% per year after age 30. However, some men experience clinically low testosterone (hypogonadism) that causes significant symptoms. Symptoms of low testosterone include fatigue and decreased energy, reduced libido and erectile dysfunction, mood changes (irritability, depression), decreased muscle mass and strength, increased body fat, difficulty concentrating, and decreased bone density. Diagnosis requires blood tests. Testosterone levels are measured in the morning (when levels peak). A total testosterone level below 8 to 10 nmol/L on two separate occasions, combined with symptoms, suggests hypogonadism. If testosterone is low, your physician will investigate causes - which may include pituitary disorders, testicular issues, chronic illness, medications, or obesity. Treatment options include testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) via injections, topical gels, or patches. TRT can improve energy, mood, libido, and muscle mass. However, it carries risks including polycythemia (increased red blood cells), sleep apnea worsening, potential cardiovascular effects, and reduced fertility (TRT suppresses sperm production). Lifestyle modifications - weight loss, exercise, improved sleep, and stress reduction - can naturally support testosterone levels before considering TRT. A physician can order the appropriate testing through telehealth. *This article is for informational purposes only.*

This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Content reviewed by licensed Canadian physicians. Last updated February 2026.